A novel scenario is emerging from the synthetic biology advancements of the last fifteen years. We refer to a well-defined multidisciplinary sci-tech arena dedicated to the construction of biological-like systems, and, in particular, microscopic cell-like systems. The challenge of assembling a minimal cell from separated parts is generally considered the Holy Grail of biology. However, an accurate analysis of this emerging line of research, grounded in the theory of autopoiesis and its implications, is able to show its potentially high relevance for two other fields – artificial life and artificial intelligence. In this paper we intend to propose this perspective. Based on the critical discussion of recent trends and experimental results in synthetic biology, we sketch out how current research in this field can impact not only artificial life, but also artificial intelligence inquiries, in particular with respect to embodied cognition.

On the 4th of September 2017, the 14th European Conference on Artificial Life (ECAL 2017, Lyon, France) hosted a satellite workshop dedicated to a frontier research question: ‘What can Synthetic Biology offer to (Embodied) Artificial Intelligence (and vice versa)?’ This workshop, as the previous three of the ‘Synthetic Biology (SB)–Artificial Intelligence (AI)’ workshop series, brought together specialists from different disciplines to address the contemporary debate on the evolution of embodied artificial intelligence from a new angle. In a few words: defining the possible roles that SB – an emerging research line combining biology and engineering – can play in the process of establishment of the so-called ‘Embodied paradigm’ in the scientific exploration of cognition and, in particular, in artificial intelligence.

Key words: : artificial intelligence, autonomy, constructivism, (radical) embodiment, minimal cell, minimal cognition, self-organization, synthetic method