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Ortiz-Ocaña A. (2017) El pensamiento filosófico de Humberto Maturana: La autopoiesis como fundamento de la ciencia [The philosophical thinking of Humberto Maturana: Autopoiesis as the foundation of science]. Revista Espacios 38(46): 31. https://cepa.info/4672
Ortiz-Ocaña A.
(
2017
)
El pensamiento filosófico de Humberto
Maturana
: La autopoiesis como fundamento de la ciencia [The philosophical thinking of Humberto
Maturana
: Autopoiesis as the foundation of science].
Revista Espacios
38(46): 31.
Fulltext at https://cepa.info/4672
Copy Ref
This article shows my reflection caused by the impact that had on my scientific, epistemological and pedagogical, design the reading of the work of the prestigious biologist, philosopher and epistemologist Chilean Humberto
Maturana
. Outlines the thinking of
Maturana
and its implications for science, epistemology, and above all for education. In this article I reveal the ontology, epistemology, and the living systems theory proposed by
Maturana
. The main concepts, proposals and scientific categories that underlie its research, mainly the autopoiesis are analyzed in detail. That is why in this article discusses his way of dealing with the epistemological problems related with autopoiesis and living systems determined by its structure. This article provides a comprehensive reading, a configurative look and a holistic understanding of the philosophical thought of Humberto
Maturana
, and in this sense is valued the autopoiesis as the Foundation of research.
Key words:
humberto maturana
,
science
,
philosophy
,
epistemology
,
theory of living systems
,
autopoiesis
,
human experience.
Paucar-Caceres A. & Harnden R. (2011) Commentary on the Separate Prologues by Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela to the Second Edition of ‘De Máquinas y Seres Vivos – Autopoiesis: La organización de lo vivo’ – Twenty Years After. Systems Research and Behavioral Science 28(6): 577–580. https://cepa.info/2635
Paucar-Caceres A.
&
Harnden R.
(
2011
)
Commentary on the Separate Prologues by Humberto
Maturana
and Francisco Varela to the Second Edition of ‘De Máquinas y Seres Vivos – Autopoiesis: La organización de lo vivo’ – Twenty Years After.
Systems Research and Behavioral Science
28(6): 577–580.
Fulltext at https://cepa.info/2635
Copy Ref
The present paper introduces two documents written separately by Humberto
Maturana
and Francisco Varela, which describe their early scientific and intellectual collaboration in the formulation of the idea of autopoiesis and reflect on how that idea impacted on the wider intellectual community up to the mid-1990s. The paper invites consideration of these papers in the context of the history of science as a rich narrative as to the way in which social, personal and historical factors deeply impact on any such work.
Key words:
autopoiesis
,
constitution of the living
,
systemic
,
structural determinism
,
biology of cognition
,
epistemology
,
enaction
Paucar-Caceres A. & Jerardino-Wiesenborn B. (2019) A bridge for two views: Checkland’s soft systems methodology and Maturana’s ontology of the observer. Journal of the Operational Research Society 71(4): 660–672. https://cepa.info/7651
Paucar-Caceres A.
&
Jerardino-Wiesenborn B.
(
2019
)
A bridge for two views: Checkland’s soft systems methodology and
Maturana
’s ontology of the observer.
Journal of the Operational Research Society
71(4): 660–672.
Fulltext at https://cepa.info/7651
Copy Ref
Checkland and
Maturana
’s work aim to understand and to improve problematic situations in organisations and in our everyday life.
Maturana
’s phenomenological onto-epistemology (we are immersed in the praxis of living in an ontological multi-universe) seems to resonate with Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) interpretivist epistemology. We argue that this concurrence makes it possible to reflect and explore some of
Maturana
’s ideas (structural determinism/ structural coupling/organisational closure) when they are grafted into the phases of the Checkland’s SSM seven-step process. This article aims to complement SSM by proposing a framework in which some key concepts from
Maturana
’s Ontology of the Observer (OoO) might enhance and expand the understanding of the SSM application process. An enriched and enhanced SSM process could have significant consequences in the Management Science/Operational Research (MS/OR) and Systems community practice. The framework proposed can have major social repercussions since it will incorporate the well-known influential OoO ideas into MS/OR practice.
Key words:
problem structuring
,
dialogue between two approaches
,
soft systems methodology
,
ontology of the observer
,
methodology enhancing.
Podgórski J. S. (2010) Humberto Maturana’s view on the theory of evolution. From autopoiesis to natural drift metaphor. Ecological Questions 13: 81–87. https://cepa.info/2462
Podgórski J. S.
(
2010
)
Humberto
Maturana
’s view on the theory of evolution. From autopoiesis to natural drift metaphor.
Ecological Questions
13: 81–87.
Fulltext at https://cepa.info/2462
Copy Ref
Today in the scientific circle Humberto Romensin
Maturana
is considered the creator of the so-called Santiago School of Biology (also known as Biology of Cognition). Biology of Cognition is a research programme seeking an explanation of the phenomenon of cognitive functions of living organisms through the concepts of self-organization (from dynamical systems theory) and structural coupling (from cybernetics).
Maturana
’s novel view is based upon research conducted with such prominent scientists like Warren McCulloch, Francisco J. Varela or Heinz von Foerster. After many years of study of complex organic systems the research resulted in formulation of the following theories: autopoiesis of living systems (with F. J. Varela) and the evolutionary metaphor of natural drift (with J. Mpodozis). Theory of autopoiesis (self-production) shows how organic cells organize themselves in producing inner organic self components needed for maintaining homeostatis, natural barriers and remaining cognitive at the molecular level. By contrast, the metaphor of natural drift can be understood as the history of diversification and adaptation of species in relation to many structural levels of the environment. The following article constitutes a brief introduction to a critical way of thinking of the said Chilean theoretical biologist and philosopher, established during his long-lasting research. The paper will outline the basic concepts and theoretical implications relevant to modern biological sciences, with particular emphasis on the classical theory of evolution.
Key words:
Santiago School of Biology
,
self-organization
,
principles of biological autonomy
,
structural coupling
,
enactive approach.
Pörksen B. (2001) Sind soziale Systeme autopoietisch? Im Gespräch mit Humberto R. Maturana. Communicatio Socialis 34(1): 52–65. https://cepa.info/6471
Pörksen B.
(
2001
)
Sind soziale Systeme autopoietisch? Im Gespräch mit Humberto R.
Maturana
.
Communicatio Socialis
34(1): 52–65.
Fulltext at https://cepa.info/6471
Copy Ref
Excerpt:
Humberto R.
Maturana
, Jahrgang 1928, studierte zunächst Medizin in Chile, dann Anatomie in England, promovierte 1958 in Biologie an der Harvard University und arbeitete danach am Massachussets Institute of Technology (MIT). 1960 kehrte er – unterbrochen von gelegentlichen Forschungsaufenthalten im Ausland – an die Universität von Santiago de Chile zurück. Besonders bekannt wurde er durch die von ihm seit dem Ende der 60er Jahre entwickelte Theorie der Autopoiesis (Selbsterschaffung). Sie liefert ein neuartiges Merkmal des Lebendigen, das über die herkömmlichen Kriterien der Biologie – Fortpflanzung, Bewegung etc. – hinausgeht. Das Lebendige, so Humberto R.
Maturana
, zeichnet sich von der Amöbe bis zum Menschen durch seine zirkuläre, seine autopoietische Organisationsform aus: Lebende Systeme bilden ein Netzwerk von internen und zirkulär verwobenen Produktionsprozessen, das sie zu einer abgrenzbaren Einheit macht, indem sie sich beständig selbst erzeugen und sich auf diese Weise erhalten. Autopoietische Systeme sind autonom. Was in ihnen geschieht und was in sie überhaupt einzudringen und sie anzuregen, zu stören oder auch zu zerstören vermag, ist wesentlich durch ihre eigene zirkuläre Organisation bestimmt.
Pörksen B. (2001) Das Erkennen des Erkennens verpflichtet: Humberto R. Maturana über Wahrheit und Zwang, Strukturdeterminismus und Diktatur und die autopoiesis des lebendigen. In: Pörksen B. (ed.) Die Gewissheit der Ungewissheit: Gespräche zum Konstruktivismus. Carl-Auer, Heidelberg: 70–111.
Pörksen B.
(
2001
)
Das Erkennen des Erkennens verpflichtet: Humberto R.
Maturana
über Wahrheit und Zwang, Strukturdeterminismus und Diktatur und die autopoiesis des lebendigen.
In: Pörksen B. (ed.)
Die Gewissheit der Ungewissheit: Gespräche zum Konstruktivismus
. Carl-Auer, Heidelberg: 70–111.
Copy Ref
This book contains a series of interviews Pörksen conducted with significant thinkers on the subject of constructivism. Chapter 3 is the report of his interview with Maturana. English translation: Second edition issued in 2008.
Proulx J. (2008) Some differences between Maturana and Varela’s theory of cognition and constructivism. Complicity: An International Journal of Complexity and Education 5(1): 11–26. https://cepa.info/4338
Proulx J.
(
2008
)
Some differences between
Maturana
and Varela’s theory of cognition and constructivism.
Complicity: An International Journal of Complexity and Education
5(1): 11–26.
Fulltext at https://cepa.info/4338
Copy Ref
The theory of cognition of Varela and
Maturana
differs in specific aspects from constructivist theories and so should not be seen or interpreted as another form of constructivism. To encourage the emergence of a discussion on important differences between both theories, this paper aims at highlighting three of these specific aspects, namely the biological roots of cognition, its phylogenic and ontogenic basis, and the nature of reality and knowledge. In many regards, it is possible that the first two points were seen as extensions of constructivism, and had not been theorized previously as distinctions, as is done in the paper. The third point concerning the ideas of “bringing forth a world” represents a clear conceptual shift from the visions inherent in constructivism, and should not be neglected in discussions on epistemology and the nature of knowledge and reality. This third fundamental point brings us to see Varela and
Maturana
as being different than constructivists, rather seeing them as “bring forthists.”
Ramage M. & Shipp K. (2009) Humberto Maturana. Chapter 20 in: Systems thinkers. Springer, London: 199–207. https://cepa.info/6253
Ramage M.
&
Shipp K.
(
2009
)
Humberto
Maturana
.
Chapter 20 in:
Systems thinkers
. Springer, London: 199–207.
Fulltext at https://cepa.info/6253
Copy Ref
Reynolds M. (2004) Churchman and Maturana: Enriching the notion of self-organization for social design. Systemic Practice and Action Research 17(6): 539–556. https://cepa.info/7652
Reynolds M.
(
2004
)
Churchman and
Maturana
: Enriching the notion of self-organization for social design.
Systemic Practice and Action Research
17(6): 539–556.
Fulltext at https://cepa.info/7652
Copy Ref
C. West Churchman and Humberto
Maturana
share similar cultural traditions involving frustrations with applying conventional systematic methods in domains of social systems design (Churchman) and neurobiology (
Maturana
). They have independently of each other developed a rich systemic framework of analysis based on a constructivist epistemology. But there appears to have been little correspondence between the two traditions. This paper explores six possible areas of congruence between the critical systemic perspective associated with Churchman and
Maturana
’s autopoiesis. This initial sketch reveals possible ways forward in applying ideas of autopoiesis to our social world through a more constructive and adaptive conversation with the works of Churchman.
Key words:
autopoiesis
,
critical systemic.
Ruiz A. B. (1996) The contribution of Humberto Maturana to the sciences of complexity and psychology. Journal of Constructivist Psychology 9(4): 283–302. https://cepa.info/2802
Ruiz A. B.
(
1996
)
The contribution of Humberto
Maturana
to the sciences of complexity and psychology.
Journal of Constructivist Psychology
9(4): 283–302.
Fulltext at https://cepa.info/2802
Copy Ref
This work attempts to present the most important contributions of Humberto R.
Maturana
to the field of psychology, in an effort to reveal them directly. The main conclusion is that
Maturana
has expanded the understanding of humanness and therapy through revealing the biology of the observer.
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